14 Dec The History and Future of Shipping Containers
The earliest known marine trade route long before the invention of shipping containers was between the countries now known as India and Pakistan. While the two countries were established trading partners, bandits were endangering overland caravans. Consequently, around 5 000 years ago, merchants began to travel the Arabian Sea. The Romans began operating trading fleets in the Mediterranean, and later, the Indian Ocean at around the same time. When trade volumes grew, and steam eventually replaced sail, long before shipping containers were even dreamt of, the cost of marine cargo soared. The problem was labour costs arising from days spent loading and unloading vessels. But without some innovative thinking by an American trucking company owner named Malcolm McLean, the vast volume of marine trade conducted today would not have been possible. McLean noticed the time spent by dock workers loading and unloading boxes, pallets, wooden crates, and barrels. The experienced haulier realised that a pre-loaded, standard-sized box could be transferred from a truck to a ship far more quickly. In April 1956, 58 shipping containers began the voyage from New Jersey to Texas, aboard a converted oil tanker named the SS Ideal X. Each metal box was 20 feet long and 8 feet in height and...